Hiatal hernia surgery involves the surgical treatment of a condition where the stomach or intestines protrude upwards into the chest cavity due to the widening of the opening between the stomach and the diaphragm. Hiatal hernia occurs when the normal opening in the diaphragm that should keep the stomach in place becomes enlarged. This condition can lead to symptoms such as reflux, indigestion, and chest pain, necessitating surgical intervention in some cases. Here are general insights into hiatal hernia surgery:

Procedures for Hiatal Hernia Surgery

1. Laparoscopic Fundoplication: This is the most common surgical treatment for hiatal hernia. Laparoscopic surgery is performed through several small incisions using specialized instruments. The opening in the diaphragm is reduced, and the stomach is repositioned. A procedure called fundoplication involves creating a cuff around the upper part (fundus) of the stomach that attaches it to the diaphragm. This cuff helps prevent the backflow of stomach contents, thereby reducing reflux symptoms.
2. Nissen Fundoplication: This is one of the types of fundoplication procedures. The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the lower part of the esophagus to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter and prevent reflux.
3. Toupet Fundoplication: Another type of fundoplication where the fundus of the stomach is partially wrapped around the lower part of the esophagus to adequately close the gastroesophageal junction.
4. Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation (Magnez Gerdovac): This is a newer method for the treatment of hiatal hernia. A magnetic device implanted at the lower end of the stomach helps tighten the lower esophageal sphincter, preventing acidic stomach contents from refluxing into the esophagus.

Advantages

• Reducing or eliminating reflux symptoms.
• Correcting the hiatal hernia.
• Shorter recovery time post laparoscopic surgery.
• Long-term control of symptoms.

Risks and Complications

• Risks associated with general anesthesia.
• Surgical complications such as infection, bleeding, and wound healing issues.
• Potential side effects post-fundoplication such as difficulty swallowing or gas bloating.

Suitable Candidates

• Individuals with chronic hiatal hernia symptoms (reflux, indigestion, chest pain).
• Those with reflux symptoms that are not controlled by medications or resistant to other medical treatments.
• Cases where other medical treatments have failed or are not suitable.

Hiatal hernia surgery is an effective treatment option for controlling or eliminating symptoms associated with hiatal hernia. However, it may not be suitable for every patient, and the risks and benefits of surgical intervention requiring careful consideration. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional to discuss treatment options before making decisions.